电子工程师或者硬件工程师在进行电路设计时，应该经常会遇到电阻选型的问题，今天我就来谈谈电阻选型需要注意哪些参数？以及电阻选型的方法。
本文引用地址：
电阻选型需要注意的参数
主要参数是以下四个：
1、阻值
2、封装
3、功耗
4、精度
那怎么确定电阻选型参数呢？下面我将进行较为详细的分解。
电阻选型技巧
1、确定电阻安装方式
首先确定贴片电阻还是插件？目前，大部分选择贴片电阻。
贴片电阻和插件电阻案例示意图2、确定电阻的阻值
（1）根据电路计算取值
可以根据分压电路、反馈电路、取样电路等，计算出阻值。如果计算出来的阻值不是常见的阻值，那就可以通过电阻串联或者并联来得到我们想要的阻值。
下图是精度为 5％的碳膜电阻阻值表，以欧姆（Ω）为单位的标称值。
碳膜电阻阻值表
（2）根据电阻数据手册取值
设计电路的应该都知道，必不可少的就是各类数据手册，也就是datasheet，大家可以参考手册上的具体应用电路，按照上面的建议取值。
（3）根据积累的经验取值
比如上拉电阻，阻值通常是1k、4.7K、10K、100K等。阻值越小，上拉和下拉都会越强，大家可以根据自己电路的设计合理选择电阻，这点更适合有经验的老手，新手只能慢慢积累经验。
图片来源于网络3、选择封装和功耗
电阻功耗：电阻功耗一般选用多大？这个可以根据电阻功耗公式计算，P=W/t=UI=I²R=(U²)/R，大家可以选择对应的公式进行计算。关于功耗这个地方，其实还和可靠性有关，涉及比较广，下次再讲电阻的可靠性。
电阻封装：要综合考虑功耗、PCB尺寸、生产工艺等因素，必须要合理选择封装，比较常见的封装有0201、0402、0603、0805、1206、1812等。
电阻封装有哪几种类型呢？下图是常见贴片电阻封装功耗尺寸表，大家可以参考。贴片电阻封装尺寸功耗图
图中T1表示A，T2表示B4、选择电阻精度
电阻精度越高越好吗？当然不是，精度需要综合考虑电路性能、成本、采购方便性等因素综合考虑，例如在电压反馈电路、取样电路中，要求1%精度，其他的默认为5%精度。常规的精度为5%、1%、0.1%、10%、15%，一般情况下精度越高价格越贵。下图是不同位置的色环颜色所表示的含义，具体怎么识别色环，下次再聊。
不同位置的色环颜色所表示的含义图5、考虑成本和采购风险
采购风险：就需要注意到有的型号是不是会停产、或者比较难买的型号，如果有5个1%精度10K的电阻，有3个5%精度的10K电阻，而产品对成本又没有过高的要求，可以统一使用1%精度的，减少物料采购的种类，也方便贴片。
成本：不同的封装方式价格会不同，不同的精度价格也不同，10%比5%精度更便宜，在满足要求的情况下，尽量选择低成本的。
6、PCB尺寸
板子选择越小，那封装也尽量选择小的，例如PCB尺寸比较小时，可以选择可以选择0402，PCB尺寸适中，可以选择0603，这样对工艺要求低一点。
7、贴片加工工艺
通常情况下来说PCB尺寸越大，对工艺的要求越低，0603与0402一般加工厂可以生产，但主要还是和工厂的机器相关，满足需求的情况下，尽量不选择过小封装、降低工艺要求。
8、维修便捷性
大家都知道在电路设计到量产，中间或多或少都会出现几次改版，尺寸越小，焊接难度越大，维修起来越困难，越耽误时间，所以在满足需要的情况下，不要选择过小的封装，比如0402,0201这种小封装，有一次我就把手给烫到了，我是不想再焊这么小封装的电阻了，不知道大家有没有过类似把手烫到的经历？有没有焊过这样小封装的电阻？
焊接贴片电阻图
常见贴片封装大小示意图（0603这么小，眼睛都要瞎了，小声bibi）有小伙伴手贴过0402、0201封装大小的电阻没？什么感受？
电阻选型考虑哪些因素？除了上面讲的几点，大家认为还要考虑哪些因素？欢迎大家在评论区交流。
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今年仍然是疫情起起伏伏，很多人没办法正常上班，和工作。很多人都想在家里找一些能赚钱的事情做做，可又无从下手，之前给大家推荐过《失落的方舟》俄服，很多人都知道可以搬砖，具体赚多少，都…